The colon occupies the entire abdominal cavity and lies within the intraperitoneal, retroperitoneal, and the extraperitoneal spaces.  It frames the abdominal cavity with the ascending and descending components being the lateral borders and the transverse a superior border.  The transverse colon when redundant however coan drop down into thw pelvis while the sigm,oid when it is redundant can reach the upper abdomen.

  The most cranial aspect is usually at the splenic flexure and the most  caudal aspect at the rectum.  The ascending colon and descending colon are relatively posterior while the transverse colon is anterior. The ascending colon and descending colon have a vertical axis and the transverse colon has a relatively horizontal axis.